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The very idea of a gardening "calendar" is arrogant. Nature famously is strong-willed, and commercial growers of decades' experience can occasionally be flattened by Mother Nature's steamroller of variations. This calendar, like any such thing, has to be seen as being at best an aide-memoire, a look-ahead reminder of what tasks likely lie in the near future, so they don't sneak up on us. It is absolutely, positively not a set, reliable framework. Do this on that date is impossible; start thinking about doing this sometime a fair bit ahead of that date is more like what we've got here.
Keep in mind that direct-seeding is chancey enough, but that when we start seedlings indoors for later transplanting out, we are arm-wrestling Mother Nature, and besides a strong will, She has strong arms. Not a few brave souls ignore indoor starts, sometimes with remarkable success. On the tomatoes page here, we quote someone--we've long since forgotten the source, who observed The neighbor would plant whole tomatoes that were just starting to turn at the first frost. He put them 12 inches deep and he had mobs of plants come up in the early spring. With big long roots. Some people advocate what they call "winterseeding", which is the same idea as the tomato fellow had: don't wrestle Mother Nature, dance with her; there is a web site, wintersown.org, with lots more information on this approach. Or, simplest of all, scatter seed in late autumn, when most plants normally and naturally drop seed, and see what happens come spring. For most home gardeners, that's too risky, but it's worth setting aside a little space and trying it with a few specimens of each vegetable you grow, to see if any do come up in their time with any regularity and vigor.
The entries on this calendar derives straightforwardly--more or less--from the "Timing" information on the various individual-vegetable pages of this site, which should be consulted for explanations of how the dates were estimated. Recall, please, what we said earlier: we are not "master gardeners" and this information is not the result of some vast personal experience--it is derived from extensive review of the literature and examination of local long-term weather tables. Caveat hortensia.
The weather data used for "typical" temperatures and such is the fifty-year data from the State weather-data-collecting station in Ritzville, Washington (State), which is a cool U.S.D.A. Zone 6a, very near to the map line separating it from 5b.
As we say on the Introduction page of this site, it is important to avoid worshipping at the altar of "Zone", because a Zone number does not tell anyone much of anything about a place save the typical coldest winter temperature; places with the same Zone number can have seriously different climates. The Ritzville climate is, we think, pretty representative--as to temperatures, anyway, even if not necessarily rainfall--of a great many places in the United States. We imagine that the information on this site is useful, with only minor common-sense modification, to anyone living from Zone 4 to Zone 7, inclusive, and that sure takes in a lot of territory.
Oh, and before jumping in, please do mind the special notes just below.
This is only a summary: for each plant, consult the details on its full page here.
This calendar does not show a potato-planting date--you need to ascertain that from your selected seed-potato seedsman. Try to place your order the fall or early winter preceding, to be sure of getting the types you want. In any event, don't plant seed potatoes till the soil temperature is at least 50° F.
For convenience, we have rounded off to month-start and mid-month dates; real life is not so tidy. These are reminders only, aids to memory.
We have assumed that lettuce and salad greens and radishes are being succession-sown continually, and show no dates for those.
Owing to sheer ignorance, we show no dates for rhubarb (but link excellent information sources on the rhubarb page).
So-called "Egyptian" or "walking" onions can supposedly be planted at any time, even in the winter, but are best done in spring; they perennialize in time, so that is a one-time consideration.
This calendar does not show any harvest-date information; use your eyes and brain.
This calendar does not yet (eventually--we hope--it will) show dates relating to herbs or to fruits or berries.
Finally and again: these dates are approximations, rounded off to two-week intervals. This calendar is a set of rough reminders, not an exact schedule--consult the various individual-vegetable pages for fuller planning information.
| Approximate Date: | Tasks(s) |
|---|---|
| January 1 | Be sure all your seed orders are placed or place them now
Order any needed seed-starting supplies (peat pots, etc.) Get your seed-starting area cleaned up |
| January 15 | Start artichoke seedlings
Start cardoon seedlings Start broccoli raab seedlings Start leek seedlings |
| February 1 | Start broccoli seedlings
Start cabbage seedlings Start cauliflower seedlings Start celeriac seedlings Start onion seedlings |
| February 15 | Direct-seed Swiss chard (experimentally early)
Start hardening-off broccoli raab in a few days |
| March 1 | Transplant broccoli raab seedlings
Direct-seed Swiss chard (if no growth yet from earlier) direct-seed spinach (experimentally early) Start hardening-off artichokes in a few days Start hardening-off broccoli in a few days Start hardening-off cabbage in a few days Start hardening-off cauliflower in a few days Start hardening-off cardoon in a few days |
| March 15 | Start pepper seedlings
Transplant artichoke seedlings Transplant broccoli seedlings Transplant cabbage seedlings Transplant cauliflower seedlings Transplant cardoon seedlings Start hardening-off leeks in a few days Direct-seed spinach (if no growth yet from earlier) |
| April 1 | Direct-seed fava beans
Direct-seed peas (all kinds) Direct-seed sorrel (should be a one-time task: perennializes) Start Brussels sprouts seedlings Start eggplant seedlings Start tomato seedlings Transplant leek seedlings Start hardening-off onions in a few days |
| April 15 | Direct-seed beets
Transplant onion seedlings Direct-seed carrots Harvest & replant sunchokes Harvest & replant scorzonera |
| May 1 | Direct-seed bunching onions
Start summer-squash seedlings Start tomatillo seedlings Start melon seedlings Start hardening-off Brussels sprouts in a few days Start hardening-off celeriac in a few days Start setting down plastic mulches for warm-weather crops |
| May 15 | Start cucumber seedlings
Start pumpkin seedlings Transplant Brussels sprouts seedlings Transplant celeriac seedlings Start hardening-off pumpkins in a few days Start hardening-off summer squash in a few days Start hardening-off tomatillos in a few days Start hardening-off tomatoes in a few days Start hardening-off peppers in a few days Finish setting down plastic mulches for warm-weather crops |
| June 1 | Direct-seed non-lima (& non-fava) beans (if soil Temp>60°)
Direct-seed lima beans (if soil Temp>65°) Start okra seedlings Start watermelon seedlings Transplant pumpkin seedlings (if soil Temp>70°) Transplant summer-squash seedlings (if soil Temp>70°) Transplant tomatillo seedlings Transplant tomato seedlings (if soil Temp>65°) Transplant pepper seedlings (if soil Temp>65°) Start hardening-off watermelons in a few days Start hardening-off cucumbers in a few days Start hardening-off eggplants in a few days Start hardening-off melons in a few days |
| June 15 | Transplant watermelon seedlings (maybe June 10th)
Direct-seed corn (if soil Temp>70°) Direct-seed parsnips Plant sweet-potato slips Transplant cucumber seedlings Transplant eggplant seedlings Transplant melon seedlings Start hardening-off okra in a few days |
| July 1 | Direct-seed Florence fennel
Transplant okra seedlings |
| July 15 | nothing |
| August 1 | nothing |
| August 15 | Direct-seed kohlrabi
Direct-seed fall peas (experimental) |
| September 1 | nothing |
| September 15 | Direct-seed kale |
| October 1 | nothing |
| October 15 | Plant potato onions (two weeks later if temperatures are mild)
Direct-seed root parsley (two weeks later if temperatures are mild) Harvest & replant root chervil Plant seed garlic? (evaluate seasonal weather) Plant shallots? (two weeks later if temperatures are mild) |
| November 1 | Plant seed garlic (if not yet done)
Plant seed shallots (if not yet done) Plant potato onions (if not yet done) Direct-seed root parsley (if not yet done) Clean out all beds before ground freezes —see below about garlic— |
| November 15 | Plan Thanksgiving dinner around your garden produce!
Plant seed garlic (but check conditions - could vary +/- two weeks) Black-plastic-mulch all unused beds for over-wintering |
| December 1 | —see above about garlic— |
| December 15 | Review seed catalogues and get your orders in for next year
Happy Holidays! |
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